Born: 1869, Marlborough House, London, England Died: 1938, The London Clinic, London, England
Maud was Norway’s queen from 1905 until her death in 1938. Although originally an English princess and fond of her fatherland, she was active in ensuring that her son, Crown Prince Olav, grew up to be a true “Norwegian” boy. Queen Maud enjoyed the outdoor life, including skiing, after her introduction to it by close family friend Fridtjof Nansen.
On June 2, 1910, a few days before Amundsen’s Fram expedition set sail, King Haakon and Queen Maud came on board the polar ship in Kristiania (Oslo). They brought gifts of a silver mug and signed photographs of themselves and Crown Prince Olav. The royal couple’s portraits were hung proudly in the salon on board Fram, and would later accompany Amundsen on both the Maud expedition and the flight of the airship Norge over the Arctic Ocean, before finally hanging with the photograph of Crown Prince Olav on the wall of the blue living room at Amundsen’s home in Svartskog.
The crew of Fram form a ring around Queen Maud during the royal couple’s visit on board in 1910. Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
Amundsen named several things after the queen: during the South Pole sledge journey in 1911, for example, a mountain range became Dronning Mauds Fjeldkjæder (Queen Maud Mountains), and when Amundsen wanted to name his new polar ship, he received the Queen’s permission to name it Maud.
When Amundsen returned to Norway from the Maud expedition in 1922, he brought with him a collection of Ross’s gulls for Queen Maud that can still be found in the Royal Collection today.
The Royal Family in Framheim. On the wall on the left, above the two Norwegian flags, hang portraits of the Royal Family that were cut out of an illustrated newspaper and mounted on blue card. Photo: Norwegian Polar Institute / National Library of Norway.
Queen Maud showed great concern for those bereaved as a result of Robert Falcon Scott’s South Pole expedition. She corresponded with Scott’s widow Kathleen for a number of years and filled several albums with news clippings about Scott’s expedition.
Born: 1903, Appleton House, Norfolk, England Died: 1991, Oslo, Norway
Olav V was born Alexander Edward Christian Frederik, Prince of Denmark. When the union between Norway and Sweden was dissolved in 1905 and his parents were crowned King Haakon and Queen Maud, he was given the title Olav, Crown Prince of Norway.
On June 2, 1910, a few days before Amundsen’s Fram expedition set sail, King Haakon and Queen Maud came on board the polar ship in Kristiania (Oslo). They brought with them gifts of a silver mug and signed photographs of themselves and Crown Prince Olav. The portraits of the royal couple were hung proudly in the salon on board Fram and would also accompany Amundsen on both the Maud expedition and the flight of the airship Norge over the Arctic Ocean, before finally being hung with the photograph of Crown Prince Olav on the wall of the blue living room at home with Amundsen in Svartskog.
The signed photograph of Crown Prince Olav that was given to Amundsen in 1910. Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
In April 1926, when the airship Norge arrived in Pulham, England, en route from Italy to Svalbard, Crown Prince Olav was a student in Oxford and turned up to witness the stopover. Amundsen himself was not on board, but the passengers included his nephew Gustav.
Crown Prince Olav (left) watches the airship Norge’s arrival at Pulham, England, on April 11, 1926. Photo: Norwegian Polar Institute / National Library of Norway.
Crown Prince Olav became King Olav V of Norway on the death of his father in 1957. In 1972, he was in Svalbard to unveil the statue erected to mark the 100th anniversary of Roald Amundsen’s birth.
Brother of Fritdjof Nansen, the renowned explorer, scientist and diplomat, Alexander Nansen was a qualified lawyer, and from 1895 a supreme court barrister.
He worked as a magistrate in Namos, and also for a period in England, before establishing himself in his father’s legal business together with his brother-in-law, high court lawyer Axel Huitfeldt.
Nansen’s first work for Roald Amundsen was as bookkeeper for the Gjøa expedition. After the expedition he wrote in a letter to his brother Fridtjof, “Before, I was interested in Amundsen mostly for your sake, now I must say that I have developed a strong personal interest in him 📜.” Nansen was later heavily involved in the administration of several of Amundsen’s expeditions, particularly those with Fram and Maud. He was also a central figure when Roald Amundsen declared himself bankrupt in 1924. A number of letters exchanged between Roald Amundsen and Alexander Nansen are archived in the National Library of Norway 📜.
Alexander Nansen photographed in England sometime before 1895. Photo: National Library of Norway.
The brothers Fridtjof and Alexander Nansen pose as skiers on a hunting trip. Taken in the studio of Ludwik Szaciński in Kristiania (Oslo) in 1880, the photo was used the following year in an exhibition in Kleve, Germany, to illustrate Nordic skiing. Photo: National Library of Norway.
Alexander Nansen was an outdoor and athletic type, like his brother Fridtjof, and for several years led Norway’s Hunting and Fishing Association/Society, as well as the Society for the Promotion of Ski Sports (Skiforeningen). He was also heavily involved in the administrative work that supported Fridtjof Nansen’s expeditions across Greenland in 1888 and with Fram in 1893-96.
Alexander Nansen married Englishwoman Lilian Emma Peyton. One of the couple’s sons, Einar Walther Nansen, would follow his father as Amundsen’s lawyer and business manager.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage, 1903-06. A tinted photograph of him hangs in Amundsen’s home.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog together with Amundsen in 1922 where they lived until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Betty was one of the key women in Amundsen’s life. She was the nanny when he grew up, and when Amundsen moved to Svartskog, she joined him and moved into the gatehouse, which became “Betty’s house”.
Eivind Astrup became one of the world’s most experienced polar explorers of his time and a great role model for Roald Amundsen. He chose to end his life when only 24 years old.
Roald Amundsen had strong feelings for Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett. She visited Uranienborg several times, but even though Amundsen transferred ownership of it to her, she never moved in.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog with Amundsen in 1922 and lived there until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Sigrid Flood Castberg, often called “Sigg”, was one of the women Amundsen had a relationship with. But when Amundsen proposed, she was already married and wanted to wait, and when she was ready he wanted…
Håkon Hammer met Roald Amundsen in Seattle in 1921. He quickly became a collaborator and supporter, but was later named by Amundsen as one of the reasons for his personal bankruptcy.
Participated in the Maud expedition, but left the expedition in 1919, together with Peter Tessem. Both perished. What really happened to them is still unknown.
The Alaska Inupiaq called Elizabeth Magids “Queen of the Arctic”, Amundsen’s crew referred to her as “the mysterious lady”. Amundsen called her “Bess”. She went to live with Amundsen in Norway in 1928….
Participated as a research assistant on the Maud expedition, and as a meteorologist on the Norge expedition. Died on Umberto Nobile’s airship expedition in 1928.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a window in Amundsen’s home.
Nobile was the airship engineer whom Amundsen criticized after the expedition in 1926. During the search for his wrecked expedition in 1928, Roald Amundsen disappeared.
Joined the Maud expedition after visiting the ship in Khabarovsk. Also participated in the Norge expedition, but was left out from the actual voyage across the Arctic Ocean.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of her hangs in Amundsen’s home.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a door in Amundsen’s home.
Christian Doxrud spent much of his working life either at sea or in the air. An enterprising man who spoke several languages, he co-founded the Lyn football club as a youth in Kristiania (Oslo), and as a young man brought the Boy Scout movement to Valparaiso in Chile. In 1928, he helped to establish the Norwegian Aero Club, with Roald Amundsen elected chairman and himself deputy.
Doxrud graduated from Norway’s Naval Academy in 1903 and became a second lieutenant. After serving as an officer on a variety of vessels, he spent the years 1906-09 captaining steamships in Chile.
On November 4, 1912, Doxrud took command of the polar ship Fram in Buenos Aires. The following August, he sailed the ship north to Colón, Panama, with the intention of taking it through the Panama Canal, perhaps as the first ship to do so.
On reaching Colón, however, Doxrud and Fram were met by Thorvald Nilsen, who carried a letter from Amundsen. Nilsen was to resume his old job as Fram’s captain and have the honour of leading the ship though the canal. Doxrud’s diary records his disappointment at the decision, but also that he could gladly hand over command to his old schoolmate Nilsen.
Doxrud would continue as first mate for the rest of the voyage, but long delays to the opening of the Panama Canal meant that Fram would never pass through it. Course was instead laid southward, with the intention of reaching San Francisco via Cape Horn and then continuing north for the planned drift across the Arctic Ocean. But after months spent in tropical climes, Fram was in a very poor condition and would reach no further than Montevideo. Here the decision was made to return to Norway, and Fram’s last voyage ended in Horten in July 1914.
By 1913, Amundsen was already planning to use aircraft on the northern part of the Fram expedition and wished to have Doxrud with him as both ship’s officer and aviator. At Amundsen’s request, Doxrud had duly acquired an international pilot’s licence during his time in Buenos Aires, but Amundsen’s flying plans would have to wait.
Doxrud at the controls of an aeroplane in Buenos Aires. July 1913. Photo: Follo museum, MiA
Doxrud was married in 1916 to Gerd Klingenberg, with whom he had two children.
After serving during the First World War as a conscript captain in the Norwegian Navy, Doxrud ran an agricultural engineering business in Oslo for a time.
He became Norwegian agent for the German aircraft manufacturer Junkers and was involved in the marketing, selling and demonstrating of the aircraft in Norway. In December 1924, he was a pilot on the first flight to carry passengers over the Andes from Buenos Aires to Santiago in Chile. Arranged by Junkers, the flight included a stopover in Mendoza and took nine hours.
Doxrud was 54 years old when he died at home from kidney cancer in December 1935.
Sources: Fram museum: Doxrud, Christian Lokalhistoriewiki: Christian Doxrud Marinemuseet i Horten: Marinens rolle i norsk polarhistorie
Michael Puntervold was Roald Amundsen’s legal advisor and played important roles during his bankruptcy in 1924 and the settlement of his estate following his disappearance in 1928.
Puntervold was born in Grimstad, where his father was an administrator in the seamen’s school, and moved to Horten when his father was appointed head quartermaster at the naval headquarters there. After military service, Puntervold worked for a few years as a teacher and school administrator, first in Horten and then further north. In Narvik, he was active in the labour movement and founded the local branch of Norway’s Labour Party. He then worked for a time as a journalist on the party’s newspaper in Kristiania (Oslo) whilst studying law at the university. By 1906, he was a qualified lawyer practising in Kristiania, and by 1914 a supreme court barrister. As well as representing Amundsen, he was known for work with various workers’ organizations and socialist journalists, including the exiled Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky.
In the years following Roald Amundsen’s disappearance in 1928, Puntervold was one of several lawyers involved in the apportioning of the estate, a process which led among other things to Roald Amundsen’s home becoming a museum.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage, 1903-06. A tinted photograph of him hangs in Amundsen’s home.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog together with Amundsen in 1922 where they lived until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Betty was one of the key women in Amundsen’s life. She was the nanny when he grew up, and when Amundsen moved to Svartskog, she joined him and moved into the gatehouse, which became “Betty’s house”.
Eivind Astrup became one of the world’s most experienced polar explorers of his time and a great role model for Roald Amundsen. He chose to end his life when only 24 years old.
Roald Amundsen had strong feelings for Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett. She visited Uranienborg several times, but even though Amundsen transferred ownership of it to her, she never moved in.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog with Amundsen in 1922 and lived there until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Sigrid Flood Castberg, often called “Sigg”, was one of the women Amundsen had a relationship with. But when Amundsen proposed, she was already married and wanted to wait, and when she was ready he wanted…
Håkon Hammer met Roald Amundsen in Seattle in 1921. He quickly became a collaborator and supporter, but was later named by Amundsen as one of the reasons for his personal bankruptcy.
Participated in the Maud expedition, but left the expedition in 1919, together with Peter Tessem. Both perished. What really happened to them is still unknown.
The Alaska Inupiaq called Elizabeth Magids “Queen of the Arctic”, Amundsen’s crew referred to her as “the mysterious lady”. Amundsen called her “Bess”. She went to live with Amundsen in Norway in 1928….
Participated as a research assistant on the Maud expedition, and as a meteorologist on the Norge expedition. Died on Umberto Nobile’s airship expedition in 1928.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a window in Amundsen’s home.
Nobile was the airship engineer whom Amundsen criticized after the expedition in 1926. During the search for his wrecked expedition in 1928, Roald Amundsen disappeared.
Joined the Maud expedition after visiting the ship in Khabarovsk. Also participated in the Norge expedition, but was left out from the actual voyage across the Arctic Ocean.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of her hangs in Amundsen’s home.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a door in Amundsen’s home.
Known generally as Peto, Charles Peto Bennett was the younger son of Norwegian Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett and wealthy British timber merchant and plantation owner Charles Peto Bennett. In the spring of 1925, Peto and his brother Alfred were seconded to the Oslo timber company Westye Egeberg & Co, where Kiss’s cousin Arvid Astrup was office manager. Roald Amundsen had been enamoured with Kiss for many years and invited the brothers to stay for a few days at Svartskog. His diary records his excited anticipation: “The scions will be upstairs with me – in the room next to the office and we will have a lot of fun”. 📜
A gathering on the steps outside Uranienborg,
March 30, 1925. Standing from left are Kiss’s sons Peto
and Alfred. Seated from left are Gustav and Malfred Amundsen
and Lincoln Ellsworth. Amundsen stands at the top right.
The identities of the photographer and the person standing at the back are unknown.
Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
Amundsen demonstrates the use of a sextant at home at Uranienborg, March 15, 1925. Around him stand Kiss’s sons, Peto
(half hidden) and Alfred, as well as Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen (right) and Leif Dietrichson (with hat). The two women in the background
are probably Gunvor Jebsen and Kirsten Henrikke Meyer (married to Dietrichson and Riiser-Larsen, respectively).
Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
Amundsen and the brothers kept in touch in the years that followed, meeting up occasionally and exchanging letters.
Like his brother Alfred, Peto maintained a strong connection to Norway and married a Norwegian woman, Olga Olsen in 1935. They divorced a few years later and Peto remarried.
Peto became a Squadron Leader in the Royal Air Force, helping to direct air cover for the Normandy landings in 1944 and receiving an O.B.E. in early 1945. On May 8, 1945, he was part of the Allied military mission that presented the German forces still in Norway with terms for their surrender. He received Haakon VII’s Freedom Cross in appreciation.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage, 1903-06. A tinted photograph of him hangs in Amundsen’s home.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog together with Amundsen in 1922 where they lived until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Betty was one of the key women in Amundsen’s life. She was the nanny when he grew up, and when Amundsen moved to Svartskog, she joined him and moved into the gatehouse, which became “Betty’s house”.
Eivind Astrup became one of the world’s most experienced polar explorers of his time and a great role model for Roald Amundsen. He chose to end his life when only 24 years old.
Roald Amundsen had strong feelings for Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett. She visited Uranienborg several times, but even though Amundsen transferred ownership of it to her, she never moved in.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog with Amundsen in 1922 and lived there until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Sigrid Flood Castberg, often called “Sigg”, was one of the women Amundsen had a relationship with. But when Amundsen proposed, she was already married and wanted to wait, and when she was ready he wanted…
Håkon Hammer met Roald Amundsen in Seattle in 1921. He quickly became a collaborator and supporter, but was later named by Amundsen as one of the reasons for his personal bankruptcy.
Participated in the Maud expedition, but left the expedition in 1919, together with Peter Tessem. Both perished. What really happened to them is still unknown.
The Alaska Inupiaq called Elizabeth Magids “Queen of the Arctic”, Amundsen’s crew referred to her as “the mysterious lady”. Amundsen called her “Bess”. She went to live with Amundsen in Norway in 1928….
Participated as a research assistant on the Maud expedition, and as a meteorologist on the Norge expedition. Died on Umberto Nobile’s airship expedition in 1928.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a window in Amundsen’s home.
Nobile was the airship engineer whom Amundsen criticized after the expedition in 1926. During the search for his wrecked expedition in 1928, Roald Amundsen disappeared.
Joined the Maud expedition after visiting the ship in Khabarovsk. Also participated in the Norge expedition, but was left out from the actual voyage across the Arctic Ocean.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of her hangs in Amundsen’s home.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a door in Amundsen’s home.
Born: 1905, Cobham, England Died: 1996, London, England
Elder son of the Norwegian Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett and the wealthy British timber merchant and plantation owner Charles Peto Bennett.
In the spring of 1925, Alfred and his brother Peto were seconded to the Oslo timber company Westye Egeberg & Co, where Kiss’s cousin Arvid Astrup was office manager. Roald Amundsen, who had been enamoured with Kiss for many years, entertained the brothers for a few days at Svartskog and was much impressed, writing in his diary of Alfred, “He is [so] radiantly sweet & beautiful, that he has taken my heart with storm”. 📜
A gathering on the steps outside Uranienborg,
March 30, 1925. Standing from left are Kiss’s sons Peto
and Alfred. Seated from left are Gustav and Malfred Amundsen
and Lincoln Ellsworth. Amundsen stands at the top right.
The identities of the photographer and the person standing at the back are unknown.
Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
Amundsen demonstrates the use of a sextant at home at Uranienborg, March 15, 1925. Around him stand Kiss’s sons, Peto
(half hidden) and Alfred, as well as Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen (right) and Leif Dietrichson (with hat). The two women in the background
are probably Gunvor Jebsen and Kirsten Henrikke Meyer (married to Dietrichson and Riiser-Larsen, respectively).
Photo: Follo museum, MiA.
Amundsen and the brothers kept in touch in the years that followed, meeting up occasionally and exchanging letters.
Alfred later took over the running of the timber business from his father, but like his brother maintained a strong connection to Norway. In 1935, he married Helle Huitfeldt, a Norwegian who co-owned her family’s Shibsted newspaper business. With their two children (Cathrine b.1938 and Guri b.1941), the couple lived in England, but were often back in Norway in the summer. After many years of business travel, Alfred eventually enjoyed a quiet retirement in Chelsea, London, with his wife and daughters.
In 1995, he presented his mother’s bridal crown to Norway’s National Museum of Decorative Arts. After his death in 1996, Norwegian newspaper reported the loss of “a type of gentleman who no longer exists”. 📜
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage, 1903-06. A tinted photograph of him hangs in Amundsen’s home.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog together with Amundsen in 1922 where they lived until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Betty was one of the key women in Amundsen’s life. She was the nanny when he grew up, and when Amundsen moved to Svartskog, she joined him and moved into the gatehouse, which became “Betty’s house”.
Eivind Astrup became one of the world’s most experienced polar explorers of his time and a great role model for Roald Amundsen. He chose to end his life when only 24 years old.
Roald Amundsen had strong feelings for Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett. She visited Uranienborg several times, but even though Amundsen transferred ownership of it to her, she never moved in.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog with Amundsen in 1922 and lived there until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Sigrid Flood Castberg, often called “Sigg”, was one of the women Amundsen had a relationship with. But when Amundsen proposed, she was already married and wanted to wait, and when she was ready he wanted…
Håkon Hammer met Roald Amundsen in Seattle in 1921. He quickly became a collaborator and supporter, but was later named by Amundsen as one of the reasons for his personal bankruptcy.
Participated in the Maud expedition, but left the expedition in 1919, together with Peter Tessem. Both perished. What really happened to them is still unknown.
The Alaska Inupiaq called Elizabeth Magids “Queen of the Arctic”, Amundsen’s crew referred to her as “the mysterious lady”. Amundsen called her “Bess”. She went to live with Amundsen in Norway in 1928….
Participated as a research assistant on the Maud expedition, and as a meteorologist on the Norge expedition. Died on Umberto Nobile’s airship expedition in 1928.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a window in Amundsen’s home.
Nobile was the airship engineer whom Amundsen criticized after the expedition in 1926. During the search for his wrecked expedition in 1928, Roald Amundsen disappeared.
Joined the Maud expedition after visiting the ship in Khabarovsk. Also participated in the Norge expedition, but was left out from the actual voyage across the Arctic Ocean.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of her hangs in Amundsen’s home.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a door in Amundsen’s home.
Born: 1895, Gøteborg (Gothenburg), Sweden Died: 1928, during Italia expedition north of Svalbard
Finn Adolf Erik Johan Malmgren began his studies at Uppsala University in 1912 and completed his bachelor’s degree in 1916. He then spent a year at the Pårte meteorological observatory in the Sarek mountains of northern Sweden, before returning to Uppsala to work as a university teaching assistant. In 1921, he started work on studies of ocean currents at Bornö research station in Bohuslän. Malmgren’s qualities, and the connections he made with Norway’s academic community, led to his being recommended to Roald Amundsen as a research assistant for Harald Ulrik Sverdrup on the Maud expedition. Malmgren was invited to participate in the expedition’s second phase and he joined the ship in Nome, Alaska, in the summer of 1922 📜.
Malmgren’s working relationship with Sverdrup on Maud was a close one. Sverdrup’s book about the expedition described him as very engaged in the scientific work, but also very absent-minded – “Once he has become an old professor, there will probably be countless stories about him,” wrote Sverdrup 📜.
Malmgren analyses water samples on board Maud. Poto: Norwegian Polar Institute / National Library of Norway.
When the Maud expedition ended in 1925, Malmgren and Sverdrup continued to work on the scientific material. Malmgren published several articles based on it, including his doctoral dissertation on the properties of sea ice in 1927. He also presented a lecture he called “3 years in the drift ice”.
Just a year later, in 1926, Malmgren joined Amundsen on another expedition, this time as a meteorologist on the flight of the airship Norge across the Arctic Ocean 📜. In a radio broadcast afterwards, Amundsen stressed the importance of Malmgren’s role and work 📜, as amply evidenced in Malmgren’s chapter on weather and weather forecasting in the book about the expedition 📜.
Malmgren before departure with the airship Norge. Photo: Norwegian Polar Institute / National Library of Norway.
After the Norge expedition, rumours circulated that Malmgren and several of the crew planned to fly around the world via the poles, but this was never realized.
In 1928, Malmgren joined another expedition as meteorologist, this time on the airship Italia led by Umberto Nobile. When the airship crashed north of Svalbard on its return from the North Pole, Malmgren was one of several thrown onto the ice. With Italians Filippo Zappi and Adalberto Mariano, Malmgren headed for Svalbard on foot to seek help. The Italians were spotted six weeks later by a Russian search, but Finn Malmgren was not with them. According to Zappi, with frost-bitten feet, Malmgren had finally lain down on the ice and asked the others to dig a grave for him. That Zappi and Mariano were themselves saved and Malmgren’s body never found encouraged speculation, particularly in the anti-fascist Russian press, as to whether the Italians had behaved honourably 📜.
During his lifetime, Finn Malmgren received several awards and honours, including being made first a Knight, and then a Commander, of the Order of St. Olav, after his participations in the Maud and Norge expeditions.
Finn Malmgren Fjord in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard, bears the explorer-scientist’s name, and there are several memorials to him in Sweden.
In Hammarbyhöjden, Stockholm, is Finn Malmgrens plan, in which stands the sculpture “Farewell on the polar ice” by Elsie Dahlberg-Sundborg. The sculpture depicts the moment Zappi and Mariano leave Malmgren to die in 1928.
Sources:
Riksarkivet.se: Finn A E J Malmgren Wetterfors, P. Finn Malmgren: hans liv och arbete, Stockholm, 1928
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage, 1903-06. A tinted photograph of him hangs in Amundsen’s home.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog together with Amundsen in 1922 where they lived until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Betty was one of the key women in Amundsen’s life. She was the nanny when he grew up, and when Amundsen moved to Svartskog, she joined him and moved into the gatehouse, which became “Betty’s house”.
Eivind Astrup became one of the world’s most experienced polar explorers of his time and a great role model for Roald Amundsen. He chose to end his life when only 24 years old.
Roald Amundsen had strong feelings for Kristine Elisabeth “Kiss” Bennett. She visited Uranienborg several times, but even though Amundsen transferred ownership of it to her, she never moved in.
The girls Nita and Camilla Carpendale went to Norway and Svartskog with Amundsen in 1922 and lived there until 1924. The girls called Amundsen “Grandpa”.
Sigrid Flood Castberg, often called “Sigg”, was one of the women Amundsen had a relationship with. But when Amundsen proposed, she was already married and wanted to wait, and when she was ready he wanted…
Håkon Hammer met Roald Amundsen in Seattle in 1921. He quickly became a collaborator and supporter, but was later named by Amundsen as one of the reasons for his personal bankruptcy.
Participated in the Maud expedition, but left the expedition in 1919, together with Peter Tessem. Both perished. What really happened to them is still unknown.
The Alaska Inupiaq called Elizabeth Magids “Queen of the Arctic”, Amundsen’s crew referred to her as “the mysterious lady”. Amundsen called her “Bess”. She went to live with Amundsen in Norway in 1928….
Participated as a research assistant on the Maud expedition, and as a meteorologist on the Norge expedition. Died on Umberto Nobile’s airship expedition in 1928.
One of the Netsilik Inuit Amundsen met during the expedition through the Northwest Passage 1903-06. A coloured picture of him decorates a window in Amundsen’s home.